When the lithium battery is discharged, the lithium atoms of the negative electrode lose electrons to form lithium ions. The lost electrons are drawn into the positive electrode through an external circuit under the attraction of the positive electrode electric field. The negative electrode generates lithium ions and diffuses into the electrolyte. C10 in the positive electrode PAn enters the electrolyte. When the battery is charged, C10 is doped into PAn, and lithium ions in the electrolyte are reduced to metallic lithium, which is deposited on the lithium negative electrode, and electrons flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode through an external circuit.
PAn can be prepared by electrochemical polymerization and chemical oxidation methods. Electrochemical polymerization is a kind of method for preparing high polymer materials developed in recent years. It uses electrode potential as the initiation and reaction driving force of polymerization reaction, and performs polymerization reaction on the electrode surface to directly generate polymers. Electrochemical methods such as potentiostatic method, galvanostatic method, dynamic potential scanning method, and pulse polarization method can be used to polymerize aniline in a water-soluble electrolyte. The auxiliary electrode may be a platinum electrode, a nickel lead electrode, an iron electrode, or the like.
